Troubleshooting Guide

Solutions to common problems

Installation Problems

"command not found: openclaw" after npm install
Cause: npm global bin directory not in PATH

Solutions:
  • Restart your terminal
  • Add npm to PATH: export PATH="$PATH:$(npm bin -g)"
  • Use npx: npx openclaw init
  • Check npm prefix: npm config get prefix
"EACCES: permission denied" during installation
Cause: Permission issues with npm global directory

Solutions:
  • Fix npm permissions: mkdir ~/.npm-global && npm config set prefix '~/.npm-global'
  • Use nvm (Node Version Manager)
  • Or run with sudo (not recommended)
Node.js version not supported
Cause: Old Node.js version

Solutions:
  • Check version: node --version
  • Update Node.js: npm install -g n && n latest
  • Or use nvm to manage versions
  • Minimum required: Node.js 18+
Docker container won't start
Causes & Solutions:
  • Port conflict: Check port isn't in use
  • Docker not running: Start Docker daemon
  • Missing volumes: Create required directories
  • Pull image manually: docker pull openclaw/openclaw

Configuration Errors

"YAML parse error" or "Invalid YAML"
Common causes:
  • Inconsistent indentation (use spaces, not tabs)
  • Missing colons after keys
  • Unquoted special characters
  • Duplicate keys
Fix:
  • Validate YAML: npm install -g yaml-lint && yaml-lint gateway.yaml
  • Use an online YAML validator
  • Check for hidden characters
"Invalid API key" or "Authentication failed"
Check these:
  • API key is correct and not expired
  • No extra spaces in config
  • Key format matches provider (sk-..., anthropic-..., etc.)
  • API key has sufficient credits
  • Environment variable is set correctly
Test: echo $YOUR_API_KEY_VAR
"Model not found" or "Model not supported"
Solutions:
  • Check model name format (provider/model-id)
  • Verify model is available in your region
  • Update to latest OpenClaw version
  • Check provider's model list
Examples of correct format:
model: "openai/gpt-4o"
model: "anthropic/claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022"
model: "google/gemini-pro"
"Channel not supported" or "Invalid channel"
Check:
  • Channel name is correct (lowercase)
  • Channel is enabled in OpenClaw
  • Credentials are properly formatted
Valid channels: discord, whatsapp, telegram, slack, signal, sms, msteams, matrix, googlechat, webchat

Runtime Problems

OpenClaw starts but immediately crashes
Debug steps:
  1. Run with verbose: openclaw start --verbose
  2. Check logs for error messages
  3. Verify config loads: openclaw config validate
  4. Try minimal config (just one channel)
"Port already in use"
Find and kill the process:
# Find process
lsof -i :3000

# Kill it
kill -9 [PID]

# Or use different port
openclaw start --port 3001
"Out of memory" or high RAM usage
Solutions:
  • Reduce context window in config
  • Clear memory database
  • Restart the gateway
  • Add swap space
  • Use smaller models
  • Limit concurrent requests
"Context length exceeded" error
What's happening: Conversation too long for model's context window

Solutions:
  • Reduce max_tokens setting
  • Clear session memory
  • Shorter system prompt
  • Use model with larger context
  • Enable aggressive forgetting in memory config
"Rate limit exceeded" (Error 429)
Immediate fixes:
  • Wait 60 seconds and retry
  • Reduce message frequency
  • Add delay between requests
Long-term solutions:
  • Upgrade your API plan
  • Use a provider with higher limits
  • Implement request caching
  • Consider local LLM for high-volume
"Connection timeout" or network errors
Troubleshooting:
  • Check internet connection
  • Verify API endpoint is reachable
  • Check firewall/proxy settings
  • Try different network
  • Check provider status pages
For local LLM: Ensure Ollama is running and accessible

Channel-Specific Issues

Discord: Bot won't join server
Solutions:
  • Generate new invite link with correct permissions
  • Check bot is not already in server
  • Verify you have admin rights to add bots
  • Check Discord's bot requirements
Discord: "Missing permissions"
Required permissions:
  • Read Messages
  • Send Messages
  • Embed Links
  • Attach Files
  • Use Slash Commands
  • Manage Threads (for thread support)
Fix: Re-invite bot with all permissions
WhatsApp: Session expired or disconnected
Reconnect:
openclaw connect whatsapp --reset

Then scan QR code again.

Prevention: Don't log out from phone while session active
WhatsApp: Messages not sending
Check:
  • Phone is connected to internet
  • Session is still active
  • Not in "last seen" restricted mode
  • Recipient hasn't blocked you
Telegram: Bot not responding
Verify:
  • Bot token is correct
  • Bot is not blocked by user
  • Started with /start command
  • Bot is in the group (if group chat)
Check updates:
openclaw telegram getUpdates
Slack: App not installed to workspace
Steps:
  1. Go to Slack App configuration
  2. Click "Install to Workspace"
  3. Authorize with admin account
  4. Copy the OAuth token
  5. Add to gateway config
Signal: Registration failed
Requirements:
  • Valid phone number
  • Signal account already registered
  • CAPTCHA may be required
Note: Signal has limited bot support. Consider alternative channels.

Memory & Knowledge Issues

Memory not working or not saving
Check config:
memory:
  enabled: true
  provider: "pinecone"
  • Vector database credentials are correct
  • Database/index exists
  • Network connectivity to DB
"Vector DB connection failed"
Troubleshoot:
  • Verify API key/credentials
  • Check endpoint URL
  • Ensure project/index exists
  • Check network access
  • Verify firewall rules
Knowledge base not loading
Check:
  • File path is correct
  • File format is supported
  • Files are readable
  • Size is reasonable (not too large)
Supported formats: PDF, TXT, MD, DOCX, CSV, JSON

Voice Problems

TTS not producing audio
Check:
  • TTS provider API key is valid
  • Voice ID exists for provider
  • ffmpeg is installed
  • Audio output device is configured
Test ffmpeg:
which ffmpeg
ffmpeg -version
STT not transcribing
Verify:
  • Microphone permissions granted
  • STT provider configured
  • Audio format is correct
  • API key has credits
Voice latency too high
Solutions:
  • Use closer TTS/STT provider
  • Reduce audio quality
  • Check network latency
  • Use local TTS/STT
  • Enable push-to-talk mode

Skills & Extensions

Skill won't install
Try:
openclaw install @skill-name --verbose
  • Check skill name is correct
  • Verify internet connection
  • Clear npm cache: npm cache clean --force
  • Check skill compatibility with your OpenClaw version
Skill installed but not working
Debug:
  • Skill is added to config
  • Restart gateway after install
  • Check skill has required dependencies
  • Verify skill version compatibility

Deployment Issues

Docker container restarts constantly
Check logs:
docker logs [container_id]
Common causes:
  • Config error (crashes on startup)
  • Missing environment variables
  • Out of memory
  • Invalid volume paths
Can't access from internet
Check:
  • Port is open in firewall
  • Router port forwarding configured
  • Using correct external IP/DDNS
  • HTTPS certificate valid
For reverse proxy: Verify nginx/Caddy config
HTTPS not working
If using Caddy:
  • Domain DNS points to server
  • Port 80 is accessible
  • Domain is valid
If using Certbot:
sudo certbot --nginx -d yourdomain.com

Performance & Speed

Responses are very slow
Causes & solutions:
  • Large context: Clear memory or reduce history
  • Slow API: Use faster model or provider
  • Network: Check connection speed
  • Too many skills: Disable unused skills
  • Server load: Check CPU/memory
High CPU usage
Reduce by:
  • Limiting concurrent requests
  • Using lighter models
  • Disabling unused features
  • Checking for infinite loops in custom skills

Still Stuck?

Need more help?
Resources: When asking for help, include:
  • OpenClaw version
  • Your config (without secrets)
  • Error messages
  • Steps to reproduce